Lock



Feb. 28, 1933. H. MACHINIST 1,899,376

' LOCK Filed-Sept. 21, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. BAR U LU JLICIHINIEZZ ATTORNEYS.

H. MACHINIST F eb'. 28, 1933.

LOCK

Filed Sept. 21, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VENT OR. HA'EULD MACHINE! BY MATT HHH H H ORNEYS.

1933. H. MACHINIST 1,899,375 LOCK Filed Sept. 21, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet I5A/EUTRAL-&-rb- S Fl-E5 -E T o INVENTOR.

HAR OLD MACHINISZ BY%%M A TTORNEYS.

LOCK

Filed Sept. 21, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 K- 5ELECT'OR INVENTOR.

HAR OLD MAUI-YIN! 5'1" ATTORNEYS.

Patented Feb, 28, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1 I HAROLD MACHINIST,01" SAN QUENTIN," oA iFo aNIA, Assreivo'n or ONE-TENTH To MARGARETSLATER, or BERKELEY, onIi-InomvI A LOCK Application filed September 21,.1931. Serial No. 564,165. d

i This invention relates to improvements in looks.

The principal object of this invention is to provide a: cylindrical lockhaving a dial arrangement whereby the combination must be actuated firstbefore the key may be inserted within the lock. 7 r

A further obj ect'is to produce a lock wherein the key-way is soarranged that a person cannot insert akey any appreciable distance intothe lock, until the proper' combination has been worked out.

A further object is to provide a lock wherein it will be impossible topick thelock with wires and the like. a

A further object is to provide alock whereina simple word spells thecombination, rather than anintricate numerical combina-- tion. k i

A further object is to produce a lock wherein the combination may beeasily changed without the necessity of changing the key.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course of thefollowing description.

In the accompanying drawings forminga part of this specification and inwhich like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout thesame, V

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a lock having my invention appliedthereto, as the same would appear when installed upon a door, Figure 2is an edge elevation of Fig. 1, Figures 3, 4 and 5 are diagrammaticviews indicating the direction in which the dial is rotated in order tospell out a three letter word combination,

Figures 6 to 16, are detail views of the various parts of my lock,

Figure 17 is a top plan view on an enlarged scale of the lock cylinder,a

Figure 18 is a perspective view of th selector dog latch,

Figure 19 is a. fragmentary detail view showing a portion of one of thestop rings and its selector ring, I Figures 20, 21 and 22 arediagrammatic views showing the various movements neces sary toaccomplish an unlocking operation, 7

Figure 23 is an enlarged detail cross-see tional view taken on the line2323 of 1,

Figure 24 is a diagrammatic view showing in full lines the mannerinwhich the selector.

dog latch enters the selector notch, and in dotted lines, the manner inwhich the dog enters one of the depressions for locking rotation ofthedial,

Figures :25 and 26 are fragmentary. deQ

tail cross-sectional viewstaken on the lines 2525 and 2626 respectively,of Fig. 24.}

While it isgen erally conceded that the ordinary cylindrical lockresists to a marked degree the picking thereof, thru the tumblerarrangement, it is admitted however, that experts may readily pick thistype of lock.

. Applicant has devised meanswhereby the advantages of the-cylindricallock have been kept, and has added thereto a simple means whichsurrounds the cylinder, and only, after being arranged in apredetermined manner, maythemechanism of the cylinder be operated, andthru this arrangement, it would, be impossible for a person to insert akey into the key-way, and if a person should attempt to force a keythruthe key-way, itwould be stopped upon itsengagement with the firsttumbler, and moreover, this action will also prevent the, turning of thedial to effect the combination. This locking of the dial,so to speak,prevents a person from pickingthe lock or determining the combinationthruthe feel method.

In the accompanying drawings wherein forthe purpose of illustration isshown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral 5 designatesthe cylinder of an ordinary Yale typelock, within which-is positionedthe customary key cylinder 6, hav-f v oo , ing the ordinary key, theonly difference bering has anopening 23 therethru, which opening is soarranged, that when this seleotorring is rotated to a given point, thisopening 23 will be directly above the pin 17. Itis here to be noted,that the selector dog latch 24 has a portion thereof extending under theselector ring 22. This dog 24 is adapted toride in a slot 26 carried inthe cylinder 5, (see Figs. 6 and 17). A spacer ring 27 is now placedupon the cylinder, and by viewing Fig. 8, it will be noted that thisspacer ring is provided with a slot 28 formed upon its inner periphery,and with lugs 29 also formed upon its inner periphery. These lugs areadapted to travel in key-ways 31 formed in the side of the cylinder, andto thus prevent rotation "ofthe spacer ring.

The slot 28'is'adapted to overlie the dog 24.

It is also to be here noted, that the dial 19 carries a'striker pin 32which extends from the rear of the dial, and overlies the spacerextending beyond the margin thereof, for

the purpose of engaging a similar striker pin, to be later described. Inowplace upon the cylinder at second selector ring 33, (see Fig. 9),which selector ring is provided with notches upon its outer periphery,similar to the notches in the ring 22. This selector ring 33difl'ersfrom the selector ring 32 however, in that it has formed upon one facethereof, a deep notch 34, (see Fig. 24) and a plurality of relativelyshallow depressions 36. This ring also has an opening 37 therethru,which opening is in alignment with the notches 34, and is adapted tooverlie the pin 16, (see Fig. 23). The stop ring 38 is now placedupon'the selector ring, and it will here be noted, by'viewing Fig. 10,that this stop ring has an inwardly extending lug 39 which enters one ofthe recesses formed in the outer periphery of the ring 33. This ring 38carries a stop 41,'the purpose of which will be later seen.- -Alsomounted upon the selector ring is a throw-off ring 42, which throw-ofiring has an inwardly extending lug 43 which is also adapted to engageone of the notches in the selector ring 33, and it will here be noted,

that this throw-off ring is provided with a striker pin 43, whichextends on opposite sides of the ring so that one end thereof willengage thestriker pin 32, and the opposite end will'engage a striker pinto be later described. A spacer ring 44 is now placed upous striker pins32, 43, stop on the cylinder, and it will be noted, by viewing Fig. 12,that this spacer ring is provided with lugs 46, to engage the key-way 31formed in the side of the cylinder. I next place upon the cylinder, theselector ring 47, (see Fig. 13). This selector ring is similar inconstruction tothe'selector'ring 22, and has an opening 48 which isadapted to be moved into alignment with the pin 14." Mounted upon thisring .47 is a stop ring 49' whichfis similar. in construction to thestop ring 38, and carries a stop lug 50. This ring needs no furtherdiscussion- A'throw-ofl ring 51 isnow mounted upon the selector ring 47,and corresponds to the throw-off ring 42, the only difference being thatin this instance, the striker pin 52 extends only to' cylinder, as shownin Fig. 1. The rotation is continued until the letter S reaches themark, (see Fig. 3). This rotation causes the vari I 50, to'line' up asdesignated in Fig.20', first at the & or-neutral position, and to rotatefurther to the Sj-position. This positionis such that the selector ring47 will now be in such a position, that the opening 48 will overlie thepin 14. By now moving the'dial ina reverse direction,

as shown in Fig. 4, to the letter K, it will be noted from Fig. 21, thatthe striker pin'32 has moved out of engagement with-the striker pin 43,and into engagement with the stop 41.- As the stop 41 and the strikerpin 43 move in unison, due tothe fact that the rings 38 and 42 are bothcarried upon'the selector ring 33, it will. be noted that the stop 50and striker pin 52, which remained in the dotted'S position of Fig. 20,while the striker pin 43 has moved from the dotted'positionthe samedistance, that the stop 41 has moved from its dotted position. Thistravel has caused the selector ring 33'to now be in such a position uponthecylinder that the open ing 37 will overlie the pin 16, and also thenotches 34 in the edge of the selector ring will be in alignment withthedog 24. now moving the dial in the direction shown in Fig. 5, to Y, thestriker pin 32 will move from the positionshown' in Fig. 21, to theposition shown in Fig.f22.[ This will cause the selector ring 21 torotate-to a position wherein the opening23 will overlie the 17. By'nowinserting the key inthe keyway, it will be possible for the tumbler13 to move upwardly, causingthe pin 17 to push upon the cam end of thedog 24, thus moving it into its slot 34, and clearing the endof'the dogfrom between the pin and the opening 23, thus permitting this pin 17 torise, and permitting the key to then enter, so as to actuate the othertumblers. 'T'he arrangement of the parts is such that should theoperator of the lock turn the dial a slight distance beyond the selectedletter, this movement would be transmitted to one of the selector ringsso as to throw it out of combination. This is very apparent, by viewingFig. 22. Should the operator, in turning from K back to Y, pass the Yonly a slight distance, the pin 32 would engage the pin 43, and wouldmove the selector ring to which it is connected, which in this caserepresents the letter K, outof alignment, so that the pin 16 could notrise, after the key had been inserted.

Reviewing Figs. 24, 25 and 26, attention is directed to the fact that insome types of locks, itis possible to pick the look by feel ing.Applicant has therefore provided on the surface of the selector ring 33,a series of notch-es, merely for the purpose of deceiving the persontrying to pick the lock. As this ring is rotated thru the striker pin32, which is attached to the dial 18, it will be apparent that if thisring can be held in some manner, that the dial cannot be rotated.Therefore, I have caused a locking eifect as soon as the person attemptsto place a key or other instrument in the key-slot. In Fig. 24, I haveshown on the left hand side of the figure the manner in which the dog 24enters the selector ring slot 34 when the selector ring is in properposition, that is; when all of the combinations have been completed.This is shown in side elevation in Fig. 25. Should a person attempt toplace the key in the key-way before the combination has been completed,the result will be, that the placing of the key will tend to move thetumbler upwardly, with a result that the pin 17 will engage the dog andmove it against the face of the selector ring 33, and assuming that thedial is turned, the

dog will enter one of the notches 36, and

arrest further movement of the selector.

It will thus be apparent, that with my.

lock, it would be impossible to insert a key or other instrument in thelock for the pur pose of picking it, and that if it is attempted to beforced, that the combination meohanism will immediately be locked, sothat the various letters of the combination cannot be selected. It isalso apparent that the lock cannot be operated until all three oftheletters have been brought into exact registry, so that the pins ofthe tumblers may pass upwardly thru the selector rings, and furtherapparent, that should a person turn the dial slightly beyond thepre-determined letter, that the combination will be destroyed, and thelock cannot be operated.

It is to be understood that the drawings of Figs. 20, 21 and 22 aregreatly exaggerated, andtherefore, the amount of movement of relativeparts, is comparatively small to that shown; With this look, it ispossibleto change the combination as often as is desired without thenecessity of securing new keys, whichis of j considerable advantage,particularly in banks or like institutions,

and combinations 'atdefinite periods. 2. It 's to be understood thattheform of .where it is the practiceto change the'locks is tobe taken asa preferredfexample of the same and thatrvarious'changes relative to thematerial, size, shape and'arrangement of partsmay resorted-to withoutdeparting from the spirit of'the invention or the scope ofthe subjoinedclaims. w

- Having thus described my invention, I

mounted on said barrelfadial mounted on said barrel, means carried bysaid dial: and

said selector rings whereby said selector rings may be rotated, each ofsaid selector rings having an openingformed therein, and adapted toreceivethe ends of said pins;

2. In a. device of the character described, thecombinatio'n with acylinder lock comprising a barrelihaving a key actuated mechanismpositioned therein, said mechanism in.-

cluding a plurality of pins adapted to be" projected from said barrel, aplurality of selector rings rotatably positioned on said barrel, each ofsaid selector rings having an opening formed therethru, a stop ringmounted on "each selector ring, a throw-off ring mounted on certain ofsaid selector rings,

a dial carried by one of said selector rings, a

striker pin carried by said dial and adapted to actuate said selectorrings whereby said rings are free to rotate relative to said barrel.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination witha lockcylinder embodying a tumbler barrel, a key actuated mechanism positionedtherein,said mechanism inmy invention herewith shown and described ieluding a plurality of pins adapted to be pr'ojected from said tumblerbarrel, a plurality of selector rings rotatably mounted on said tumblerbarrel, one of said selector rings having notches formed on one of itsfaces and a dog slidably mounted in said barrel and adapted to be movedinto contact with said notches in said selector ring, said dog beingactuated thru the movement of one of said key actuated pins, each ofsaid selector rings having an opening formed therethru, a stopringmounted on certain of said selector rings, a throw-off ringmountedon certain of said selector rings, dial mounted on one of saidselector rings, a striker pin carried by said tion, and'means associatedwith one of said dial and adapted to engage st riker pins mounted oncertain of said, rings whereby 'said rings may be rotated relative tosaid barreL, v V a r 4:. In a device of the character described, thecombination with a cylinder lock having a turnblerbarr'el, of aplurality of selector rings positioned on said-tumbler barreland adaptedto rotate thereabout, dial means for rotating saidv selectors to effectthe combinaselectors to prevent the actuation of theremaining'selectorsof the lock.

5. In. combination, a cylinder lock having a tumbler barrel, a pluralityof tumbler pins adapted to be projected from said barrel, a plurality ofselector rings positioned on said barrel, each of said selectors havingan open ing thereinadapted to receive said pins, and dial meansassociated with said tumbler barrel for rotating said selectorssuccessively,

7 whereby said selector. openings are moved into alignment with saidpins topermit the actuation of said pins to release the lock.

6. In a device of the character described, the combination with a lockcylinder comprising a tumbler barrel having a key actuated mechanismpositioned therein, saidmechanism including a plurality of tumbler pinsadapted to be-projected from said barrel, a

, plurality of selector rings rotatably mounted on said barrel, each ofsaid selector rings havingv an opening formedtherethru, a stop ringmounted on certain of saidselector rings, a throw-oil ring-mounted oncertain of said selector rings, a dial associated with one of saidselector rings, a striker-pin carried by said dial and adapted toengagestriker'pins mounted on certain of said selector ringswhereby said ringsare rendered free to r0- tate relative to said barrel, and latch meansco-acting with one of said selectors to prevent the actuation of thefirst tumbler until a proper-combination has been efi'ected.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature. HAROLD MACHINIST'.

